Steve: you asked "when was the last time a majority got whipped like that and kept their leadership intact?" But if a majority NEVER got whipped like that what's the point you're making? Or is it irrefutable? Leadership seems to remain after defeats. That Pelosi remained after this one just doesn't signify very much (beyond her own personality faults).
Some more history...
Barry Goldwater battled Nelson Rockefeller for the soul of the Republican Party. At the time there's no question that the party had a big tent; "
Rockefeller Republicans" were Northeast intellectual elites with a strong belief in the efficacy of good government. Goldwater won. There's almost nothing left of the Rockefeller Republicans, and Jay Rockefeller is a Democrat. Goldwater owes a lot to the one Northeast establishment intellectual Republican who was also a true conservative: William Buckley. When they started out conservatives of their ilk were not at all common. Prior to Goldwater the party had run, for Prez and Veep, Dewey and Earl Warren, Eisenhower and Nixon, and Nixon and Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.. I suspect you'd label each one of these a RINO if they showed up today with their platforms. Certainly Warren and Lodge.
Dewey vs. Taft was also a battle for the soul of the party and foreshadowed Goldwater-Buckley-Reagan vs. Rockefeller. I mention this to illustrate that Rockefeller was not an aberration. The liberal wing of the Republican Party had deep roots. In an odd and unexpected way, Reagan completed the Goldwater Revolution. Where Goldwater was strident, Reagan was congenial, and Ronnie tried to be inclusive, but he was most certainly conservative. The "
Reagan Coalition" sat under a big tent. In part, Carter alienated everyone; in part, Ronnie sold much of conservatism to moderates; in part, he made conservatism seem a lot safer than Goldwater had even when he couldn't sell the ideas. That coalition fell apart and I think the religious right is mainly responsible. They scared a lot of moderates, much like they scare me today. To them, even Barry Goldwater was a liberal. Ronnie played ball with them but never made their agenda his own.
George H.W. Bush was a Rockefeller Republican who saw the writing on the wall. He tried ("voodoo economics") to sustain that wing but ended up converting ("no new taxes") and then betraying (new taxes). His oldest son was more a Goldwater than a Rockefeller Republican. Consider the list of Republicans who've been on the national ticket since Reagan: Bush, Quayle, Dole, Kemp, Bush, Cheney, McCain, Palin. The only one of these who can be accused of holding moderate positions is McCain and he's a fascinating study. He believed in compromising with the Dems in the Senate and thus amassed a truly impressive record of legislative accomplishment. His positions on issues were a mixed bag and it was hard to classify him as fish or fowl, but when he ran for President he had to shift hard to the right and at least rhetorically seem as conservative as possible. He even felt it necessary to bolster his conservative credentials by picking a running mate who made Goldwater look like a commie.
Steve insists that the GOP has a big tent. If it does, it's nevertheless a smaller tent than it once had - much smaller.
The Democrat's tent has also shrunk. When they lost southern whites to the GOP -- at roughly the same time as Vietnam -- they lost much of their incentive to be pro-military and slow-paced when it came to social reforms. But that trend was offset to some degree by the departure of Northeast moderates from the GOP and by the Dem's realization that having sacrificed much of the South they had to become competitive in the Plains and the Rockies. Carter was simply an aberration created by Watergate. Since Reagan there have been three "moderates" on the Democratic ticket: Bentsen, Clinton and Lieberman. Lieberman is the quintessential -INO, is he not?
When talking about tent sizes it's essential that we separate both parties into two parts: the general electorate and activists. It's the latter group that largely chooses candidates, the former who decides which candidate gets into office. This discussion is about "inclusiveness and tolerance" (my words from back on page 2), and generally speaking both parties will "tolerate" any member of the general electorate who wants to vote for their candidates. The real issue is the composition of the activist element in each party, and I think that when it comes to that we're really asking three questions: 1) does either party include moderates among their activist element? 2) which party panders the most to their "radical" extreme when it comes to candidate selection? and 3) which party's apparatus has been most effectively captured by an anti-moderate wing?
I think that when it comes to #1 and #2 there's little or no difference. It's #3 where interesting things have taken place. Republican right-wingers were the first to fully exploit computerized voter data. I won't go any deeper into this right now than to mention
Richard Viguerie and to draw your attention to "
Voter Vault":
An enhanced voter file is one that is cross-matched with public and consumer information such as phone numbers, driver licenses, hunting and fishing licenses, veteran records, property records, census results, phone numbers and, in at least one state we've seen, the results of past telephone surveys, in addition to a run through the Postal Service's National Change of Address (NCOA) system.
The Dems of course have something similar, and Vigourie is but one character among many in a complex story, but the basic plot goes like this: ultra-conservative Republicans with great personal wealth "invented" high-tech data mining and used it to strengthen their influence within the activist element of the party. This pre-dates anything similar the Dems did, and it was the Dem's party establishment that eventually did the work, not an extreme element.
I'll tell you right now that I probably can't substantiate this to any great degree. I'd have to read lots of back issues of
National Review and such. This took place before the internet got big and wasn't heavily publicized even on dead trees. So take all that with a grain of salt.